Artificial Intelligence (Problem Solving)
The term Artificial Intelligence was coined by John McCarthy (1927-2011) – who is often also referred to as the Father of AI. The term became established when it was chosen as the topic of a summer seminar, known as the Dartmouth conference , which was organized by McCarthy and others in 1956 at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. In the proposal to organize the seminar, McCarthy continued with Turing's argument about automated computation. The proposal contains the following crucial statement: “The study is to proceed on the basis of the conjecture that every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can in principle be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it.” In other words, any element of intelligence can be broken down into small steps so that each of the steps is as such so simple and “mechanical” that it can be written down as a computer program. This statement was, and is still today, a conjecture, which means that we can’t re...
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